RESUMO
BACKGROUND: B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) is the most commonly diagnosed childhood malignancy worldwide and is especially common in Mexico. Additionally, the number of cases has increased in recent years. Thus, it is very important to develop molecular strategies to diagnose leukemia. The aim of this study was to investigate MYB expression and to determine its impact on the diagnosis of B-ALL. METHODS: We analyzed the B-ALL gene expression profile by microarray data mining. Bioinformatics analysis was performed to identify the genes that are overexpressed in leukemia. We determined that MYB was highly expressed in leukemia. Then, we validated MYB expression in 70 patients with B-ALL and in 16 healthy controls (HCs) using qRT-PCR. The results were statistically analyzed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov Z test, Mann-Whitney U test, receiver operating characteristic curves, and the Youden index. RESULTS: The microarrays showed that MYB was overexpressed in B-ALL patients with a fold change of 57.8728 and a P value of 2.56-195 . MYB expression showed great variability among the patients analyzed. However, compared to the HCs, the B-ALL patients had a P value < .0001, an area under the curve of 0.813, and a Youden index of 1.46, indicating the statistical significance. CONCLUSION: MYB expression in B-ALL cells could be a potential molecular marker for childhood leukemia.
Assuntos
Linfócitos B , Genes myb , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras/genética , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Patologia MolecularRESUMO
Abstract Introduction Frontline COVID-19 healthcare workers (FLHCWs) are at a high-risk of suffering occupational stress- and trauma-related mental health problems, including burnout and compassion fatigue (B&CF). Given the time limitations (due to their heavy workloads) and need to minimize face-to-face interventions (in order to avoid contagions), psychological interventions for FHCWs should be as brief and remote as possible. Objective To evaluate the usability and clarity of evidence-based psycho-educational videos to prevent B&CF, to deal with uncooperative, hostile, and anxious patients and relatives, and to use personal protective equipment (PPE), from the perspective of Mexican FLHCWs. Method Based on a convenience sampling by intensity approach, videos were distributed requesting feedback based on specific questions through WhatsApp to FLHCWs. Field notes were used to triangulate the information. Results Content analysis of feedback from a final sample of 24 participants ‒75% women, 42 ± 8.4 years old‒ yielded three general thematic categories and seven subthemes: 1. content evaluation, which included three subthemes: utility, pertinence, and practicality; 2. dissemination and other needs, with two subcategories: willingness to share and receive more videos (other needs); and 3. format aspects, also comprising two subthemes: attractiveness and duration. All participants found the videos content very beneficial, relevant, and applicable to the workplace and even in their everyday personal and family life, and were willing to share them and to receive more videos on other issues, including strategies to manage problems related to isolation. Discussion and conclusion Escalation of this remote preventive intervention to other COVID-19 centers and future similar epidemics is recommended.
Resumen Introducción Los trabajadores de la salud de primera línea (TSPL) ante el COVID-19 presentan alto riesgo de desgaste profesional y fatiga por compasión (DP&FC). Tomando en cuenta sus limitaciones de tiempo y la necesidad de minimizar las intervenciones cara a cara, las intervenciones psicológicas para los TSPL deben ser tan breves y remotas como sea posible. Objetivo Evaluar la utilidad y claridad de videos psicoeducativos basados en evidencia para prevenir DP&FC, el manejo de pacientes y familiares no cooperativos, hostiles o ansiosos, y el uso de equipo de protección personal desde la perspectiva de los TSPL mexicanos. Método Los videos se distribuyeron a los TSPL por medio de WhatsApp, solicitándoles su opinión con base en preguntas específicas. Se utilizaron notas de campo para triangular esta información. Resultados El análisis de contenido de las retroalimentaciones recibidas por una muestra final de 24 participantes ‒75% mujeres, 42 ± 8.4 años‒ arrojó tres categorías temáticas y nueve subtemas: 1. evaluación de contenido, con tres subtemas: utilidad, pertinencia y practicidad, 2. difusión y otras necesidades, con dos subcategorías: disponibilidad tanto a compartir como a recibir más videos (otras necesidades), y 3. aspectos de forma, también con dos subtemas: atractivo y duración. La totalidad consideró los videos muy benéficos, relevantes y aplicables en el trabajo y su vida diaria personal y familiar; y reportó disposición a compartirlos y a recibir más material de este tipo. Discusión y conclusión Se recomienda el escalamiento de esta medida preventiva y remota a otros centros COVID-19 y en futuras epidemias similares.
RESUMO
B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia is the most commonly diagnosed childhood malignancy worldwide; more than 50% of these cases are diagnosed in Mexico. Although the five-year survival rate is >80%, 30% of patients experience relapse with poor prognosis. Cancer-associated gene expression profiles have been identified in several malignancies, and some transcripts have been used to predict disease prognosis. The human transcriptome is incompletely elucidated; moreover, more than 80% of transcripts can be processed via alternative splicing (AS), which increases transcript and protein diversity. The human transcriptome is divided; coding RNA accounts for 2%, and the remaining 98% is noncoding RNA. Noncoding RNA can undergo AS, promoting the diversity of noncoding transcripts. We designed specific primers to amplify previously reported alternative transcript variants of ZNF695 and showed that six ZNF695 transcript variants are co-expressed in cancer cell lines. The amplicons were sequenced and identified. Additionally, we analyzed the expression of these six transcript variants in bone marrow from B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients and observed that ZNF695 transcript variants one and three were the predominant variants expressed in leukemia. Moreover, our results showed the co-expression of coding and long noncoding RNA. Finally, we observed that long noncoding RNA ZNF695 expression predicted survival rates.
